Gunung Salak is a volcano located on the island of Java, Indonesia. This has some mountain peak, of which Peak Salak Salak I and II. Geography of the mountain is at 6 ° 43 'LS and 106 ° 44' BT. Highest peak I Salak Salak 2211 m and 2180 m dpl II. There is one more peak called Peak Sumbul with a height of 1926 m dpl.
Administratively, G. Salak area included in Sukabumi and Bogor Regency, West Java. Management of the forest area is under the Perum Perhutani KPH Bogor, but since 2003 a regional expansion Halimun Mountain National Park, now called National Park Mount Halimun Salak.Gunung-Salak volcano is a strato type A. Since the year 1600 recorded an explosion occurred a few times, including a series of eruption between 1668-1699, 1780, 1902-1903, and 1935. The last eruption occurred in 1938, in the form erupsi freatik that occurred in the crater Cikuluwung Putri.
According to Hartman (1938) G. Salak I was part of the oldest mountains. Followed by G. Salak II, and later appeared G. Sumbul. Meanwhile, Queen of craters estimated from the final product is a G. Salak. Putri Cikuluwung craters and craters Hirup is still a part of the crater can Ratu.Gunung Salak didaki of several climbing routes. Peak of the peak is often didaki II and I. The most crowded routes is through Curug Nangka, on the north side of the mountain. Through this path, people will reach the peak of Salak II.
I usually peak Salak didaki from the east, near the Cimelati Cicurug. Salak I can also be achieved from the Salak II, and with much difficulty, from Sukamantri, Ciapus.
Other path is the 'back roads' through Cidahu, Sukabumi, or from a crater near the Queen G. Bunder.
In addition, Mount Salak more popular as a place where education clubs for lovers of nature, especially once the punggungan Salak II. This is because terrain and the forest that the meeting also rare climber who visit this mountain. Also has a path that is quite difficult for the beginner climber because cross path that we rarely find the backup of water in the post unless I upgrade path Ratu crater, lucky in the peak of Mount (2211 Mdpl) found wallow air.Gunung eyes Salak mountain, even if classified as a low, but both have their unique characteristics of forests and forest-medannya.Hutan in Gunung Salak consists of mountainous forest down (submontane forest) and forest on the mountain (montane forest).
The lower part of the forest, the forest is planted production Perum Perhutani. Some types of trees planted here are tusam (Pinus merkusii) and Rasamala (Altingia excelsa). Then, as usually in the bottom of the mountain forest, and there is also the kind of flower trees (Schima wallichii), Saninten (Castanopsis sp.), Post (Lithocarpus sp.) And various types of hurly (tribe Lauraceae).
In this forest, in some locations, especially in the direction Cidahu, Sukabumi, also found a rare plant species raflesia (Rafflesia rochussenii) that limited the spread of Mount Gede and Mount Pangrango nearby.
In the border areas with the forest, or near-near the river, people to plant species kaliandra red (Calliandra calothyrsus), dadap cangkring (Erythrina variegata), african wood (Maesopsis eminii), jeunjing (Paraserianthes falcataria) and various bamboo . Aneka wildlife found in the environment of G. Salak, from the frog and toad, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Results of research D.M. Nasir (2003) from the Department of the Faculty of Forestry IPB ksh, get 11 frog and toad species in the S. Ciapus Leutik, Tamansari Village, Kab. Bogor. Species is Bufo asper, B. melanostictus, Leptobrachium hasseltii, Fejervarya limnocharis, Huia masonii, Limnonectes kuhlii, L. macrodon, L. microdiscus, Rana chalconota, R. erythraea and R. hosii. This result is not yet include the types of tree frogs, and the types of frogs are still other mountains may be found. In Cidahu also recorded the type of horned bangkong (Megophrys montana) and the flying frog (Rhacophorus reinwardtii).
Various species of reptiles, especially snakes and lizard, are located in this mountain. Some of the examples is Bronchocela vacillator jubata and B. cristatella, garden lizard Mabuya multifasciata and rivers biawak Varanus salvator. Types of snakes in G. Salak is not yet much known, but some were recorded from the snake rod (Calamaria sp.) Constrained small, snail snake (Pareas carinatus) to breed python (Python reticulatus) as long as several meters.
G. Salak has been known long before as a bird-rich areas, as noted by Vorderman (1885). Hoogerwerf (1948) have not less than 232 birds in the mountains this (Java total: 494 species, 368 types of settler). Some of the important mountain is bred eagle (Spizaetus bartelsi) and several other types of eagle, forest red-chicken (Gallus gallus), Cuculus micropterus, Phaenicophaeus javanicus and P. curvirostris, Sasia Abnormis, Dicrurus remifer, Cissa thalassina, Crypsirina temia, bird horse Garrulax rufifrons, Hypothymis azurea, Aethopyga eximia and A. mystacalis, and Lophozosterops javanica.
As well as frogs and reptiles, mammals note on G. Salak is not too much. However, in the mountains is clearly found some kind of important, such as spotted tiger (Panthera pardus), owa jawa (Hylobates moloch), lutung surili (Presbytis comata) and anteater (Manis javanica).
